可再生能源:绿色腾飞

目前，全世界对可再生能源的投资相当于对所有其他发电的投资总和. 随着技术的快速发展，开发太阳能和风能的成本大幅下降, and planned coal power plants are being shelved because they are no longer profitable.

这对电力行业意味着什么, 为了社会和气候变化的威胁, 现在和未来几十年?

基督教Rynning-Tønnesen, 欧洲最大的可再生能源公司的首席执行官, 看到了更加光明的未来.

新时代

你是气候乐观主义者还是气候悲观主义者?

“我是一个乐观主义者，我现在认为有可能应对气候挑战. 在十大靠谱网赌的有生之年, the world's energy supply will be dominated by 可再生能源, 消费将更有效率, 碳排放量将大幅下降."

"Right now we are in the first phase of a renewable boom that will grow exponentially in the decades to come; in other words, 经济增长将一次又一次地翻倍."

为什么可再生能源增长现在开始起飞?

“有三个强大的驱动因素. 第一个, 可再生能源, 主要是太阳能和风能, 已经变得如此合理的价格，它现在是世界上大多数市场上最便宜的新能源生产形式. 第二个, 气候威胁和全球城市对清洁空气的需求将得到越来越多的政治关注."

"And third, knowledge is spreading rapidly in our digital age. This ensures that we copy each other much faster than before."

你如何描述这些变化的影响?

“这些戏剧性的发展遵循着从蒸汽机到内燃机的转变，或者从固定电话到移动电话的转变. The changes will affect not only the power sector, but the whole of society."

特朗普的冲击

十大最好的网赌平台的全球 低排放方案, presented in 2018, predicts a greener development scenario than 许多 others. Statkraft是否过于乐观?

"Looking back at previous scenarios we and others have presented, it's clear that the scenarios have captured the trend correctly; there will be more 可再生能源 and developments are moving quickly. 然而, 许多, 包括美国, 是否低估了技术发展的力量以及太阳能和风能生产成本下降的速度."

"The 低排放方案 is optimistic, but realistic. 它与其他预测一起，作为十大靠谱网赌运作的中央管理工具."

这个情景对全球变暖有什么看法?

“当十大靠谱网赌制定低排放方案时, the task was not to figure out what is needed to reach the two-degree goal, but what developments we can expect based on the trends we already see."

“结果表明，到2040年，与能源相关的排放将朝着2摄氏度的目标发展. 问题是2摄氏度是否足够. 温度的升高应该控制在1.5度."

如果美国退出《十大靠谱网赌》，世界的政治格局会如何?

"We must count on some bumps on the road towards the low emissions society. 现任美国总统已经通知美国将退出该协议，这是一种耻辱, 但没有其他国家效仿. This shows that the agreement has broad support in the rest of the world."

“巴黎协议的情报是，所有国家都被允许以他们想要的形式设定自己的目标. 这使得该协议独一无二."

“然而, 《十大靠谱网赌》所包含的目标不足以将全球气温上升幅度控制在2摄氏度以内. The targets will be updated in 2020 and every five years thereafter. 中国, 欧盟和印度的气候目标表明，他们将推动国际气候努力朝着正确的方向发展."

展望未来

2040年的社会会是什么样子?

"Electric planes will have been flying commercial flights for several years, 确保十大靠谱网赌都能问心无愧地飞行."

"The aircraft will probably have hybrid systems with a battery pack and electric motor, 以及一种基于氢或其他可再生燃料持续发电的燃料电池. Smaller hybrid-electric passenger aircraft will be on the market early in the 2020s, 而空客, 西门子(Siemens)和罗尔斯•罗伊斯(Rolls-Royce)正在开发一款100座的飞机，计划在本世纪30年代投入商用."

"Almost all new cars sold will be electric, and 许多 of them will be self-driving. 在城市中心和高速公路等管制区域, 十大靠谱网赌将把车辆设置为自动驾驶模式, 而十大靠谱网赌将继续在较小的道路和有高积雪的冬季道路上手动驾驶. 为了确保世界大城市的空气清洁，拥有更多的公共交通工具将是很重要的. 从公共交通到无人驾驶汽车的过渡将无缝地把你带到你要去的地方."

“许多建筑将自己发电. The roofs of all buildings will have integrated solar cells and produce power. 建筑和工业部门也将在很大程度上转向电力. 整个社会都将电气化."

"In the years to come, the balance in the power system will reverse. Today we have variable consumption and power generation that adjusts to consumption. 使用智能技术可以减少消耗，让十大靠谱网赌可以选择何时给汽车充电, 使用电加热等等——十大靠谱网赌可以容忍可再生能源的可变发电量占更大的份额."

逆转地球的历史

There seem to be 许多 positive developments on the technology front, but are they enough to stop the threat of climate change?

“气候威胁非常严重. We are reversing the earth's history at a staggering pace, 回到地球上非常热的时候. 自从有了植物，地球就吸收了二氧化碳₂ from the atmosphere and stored it as fossil resources in the ground, and gradually the temperature has fallen to the level we know today."

"Now, in the space of just a few human generations, we are releasing all these resources. 由此产生的排放量相当于每年近百万年的碳储量. One million years is huge, just think it's been just 10 000 years since the last ice age."

“最大的挑战是，世界上许多人仍然不相信气候问题如此普遍. 因此，沟通和知识传播在未来将变得更加重要. 十大靠谱网赌需要接受才能找到最好的解决方案. And 可再生能源 is an important part of the solution."

You describe a future where we replace fossil fuels with electricity, 但除此之外，像以前一样飞行和开车. 这是现实的吗??

“我看不到没有能源消耗的未来. 人们并没有那么理想主义. We don't stop using energy, we use fossil fuels instead. 因此, we need to make solutions that are so effective that energy consumption goes down, and at the same time we must make sure that the energy we use is renewable."

The expectations for the 可再生能源 行业 are high. 你感到压力吗??

"I feel I have a huge responsibility – in a positive sense. 就像Statkraft的其他人一样, I am motivated by the ambitions we set and the plans we make together. 十大靠谱网赌创造了一个忙碌的工作日来完成很多事情. It's motivating to work hard as long as it's for an important purpose."

核心业务

你如何跟上——最好是走在前面——绿色转型的快速发展步伐?

“十大靠谱网赌很幸运，Statkraft的核心业务现在越来越受欢迎. 对十大靠谱网赌来说，它一直都是关于可再生能源的. Now we're looking at the big picture and focusing on 可再生能源 in a wider sense. 这意味着, 除此之外, increased investment in solar and 风力发电 in addition to hydropower."

“但是仍然需要液体燃料, and it's important that this also is produced from renewable sources. 这就是为什么十大靠谱网赌致力于以可持续原材料为基础的生物燃料的创新和开发. 除此之外，十大靠谱网赌正在研究使用可再生电力生产的生物燃料和氢气."

电力交易呢??

"We will continue to further develop the trading expertise of the company. Statkraft目前为其他公司管理的可再生能源发电量与十大靠谱网赌自己生产的差不多. That will continue to grow and by becoming more integrated with our customers, we will benefit even more from selling 可再生能源."

“这意味着向世界上承诺使用可再生能源的公司销售更多产品, 比如谷歌, Facebook和宜家. Our job is to develop concepts with attractive prices and terms, 但这也验证了完全的可再生性. We will provide an overview of everything from consumption to documentation, billing and facilitation for energy efficiency as well as good customer communication."

有几个国家在这方面处于领先地位

一个国家的地理, climatic and market regulatory conditions have a lot to say for profitability. 涉足多个市场意味着什么?

“要站在技术的最前沿，十大靠谱网赌必须在任何出现新发展的地方出现, 无论是发电还是电力交易."

"We learn a great deal from all of the markets in which we operate. Statkraft's expertise is a mix of what we originally brought with us from 挪威, not least from over 100 years as a leader in hydropower, 以及十大靠谱网赌在国外学到的东西. We also become better in 挪威 by being involved where new hydropower is being built. In 挪威, most of our activities have to do with upgrading existing power plants."

进入聚光灯下

改变世界能源体系需要时间. How will renewables, oil, coal and gas coexist in the meantime?

“尽管可再生能源呈指数级增长, we are in a long period during which oil and gas and electricity will all have a role. 重要的是，能源领域的参与者要共同努力，不要把彼此视为对手."

“煤炭将迅速减少. Construction of new coal power plants has stopped in 许多 places and now we, 和其他人一起, 是在挑战现有的燃煤电厂吗. We can sell electricity from renewable sources cheaper than power from coal."

长期以来，可再生能源一直处于次要地位.. 现在，它正进入聚光灯下?

"Interest from the outside world has grown gradually in recent years. 现在十大靠谱网赌发现，银行和金融机构也在组织自己的可再生能源会议. 这是新的."

“世界现在对可再生能源的投资相当于对所有其他发电的投资总和. 因此，这已成为一个主要的金融部门. As 可再生能源 has grown, so has the risk in financing fossil energy projects."

“今天正在建造的东西到2040年还会在这里, so this raises the question – will there be a use for it or not?"